Immune signalling
KPV
What is it?
KPV is the three-amino-acid sequence lysine–proline–valine, corresponding to a C-terminal fragment of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. It is researched in inflammatory-signalling models. A short fragment should not be assumed to have all the actions of its parent hormone.
How it is studied
One line of research examines uptake through the peptide transporter PepT1 and subsequent effects on inflammatory signalling, including cytokine production. Transporter expression, tissue conditions and peptide identity affect experimental responses.
What the evidence shows
A 2008 study examined KPV transport in cell systems and inflammation in mouse colitis models. Separate mouse work also investigated melanocortin-derived KPV in intestinal inflammation. These studies support further investigation; they are not proof of treatment for inflammatory bowel disease in people.
Limitations & safety context
The chosen model, delivery conditions and inflammatory endpoints limit interpretation. Human efficacy, long-term safety and the quality of a supplier vial are not established by these experiments. The mass listed in the attachment does not verify the sequence or counterion.
Listed specifications
| Reference | Listed contents |
|---|---|
| KPV5 | 5 mg |
| KPV10 | 10 mg |
Source-document quantities, not doses or a confirmation of stock. Identity, purity, component composition and suitability require separate documentation.
Research information only. No dosing, administration or treatment advice.